User:QueenRoch

Welcome back to another science session by Rochell Duhaney. This website was created to educate and build your prior knowledge on the human body.

Defining 'system'.

Each part of a system relies on the other components to complete tasks that cannot be completed by a single component acting alone. By maintaining a stable internal body environment, each system works in concert with others to improve our chances of survival. Homeostasis is the term for a stable environment. The blood is an example of how these systems are interconnected. It is a part of the cardiovascular system that transports digestive system products to body cells, excretory wastes to the kidneys, and hormones to the pituitary gland (endocrine system) to target organs in the reproductive system, such as the ovaries. The types of systems are: Cardiovascular system, Digestive system, Endocrine system, Excretory system, Immune system, Integumentary system, Musculoskeletal system, Respiratory system, Reproductive system, Nervous system.

Human Organs

An organ is made up of tissues that are joined together in a structural unit to perform a specific function. Organs can be found in most multicellular organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. An organelle is the functional equivalent of an organ in single-celled organisms such as bacteria.

Tissues in Organs

Although organs are made up of a variety of tissue types, many organs are made up of the main tissue that is associated with the organ's primary function and other supporting tissues. It's possible that the main tissue is unique to that organ. The cardiac muscle, for example, is the heart's main tissue, performing the heart's main function of pumping blood and being found only in the heart. The heart also has nervous and connective tissues that are necessary for it to function properly. The heart's beating is controlled by nervous tissues, and heart valves are made up of connective tissues that keep blood flowing in one direction through the heart.

Vital Organs

Five organs in the human body are considered essential for survival. The heart, brain, kidneys, liver, and lungs are the organs involved. These are:

1.  The heart is a pump that keeps blood flowing through the body. It is located in the center of the chest. Blood transports substances to cells that they require, as well as waste away from cells.

2.  The brain is the body's control center and is located in the head. It houses all of one's thoughts, memories, perceptions, and emotions.

3.  The two kidneys are found in the right side of the body  in the back of the abdomen. They filter blood and produce urine, which is then excreted from the body.

4.  On the right side of the abdomen, you'll find the liver. It performs a variety of tasks, including filtering blood, secreting bile for digestion, and producing proteins for blood clotting.

5.  The two lungs are located on either side of the upper chest. Their main function is exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.

Movement

Synovial joints allow the body to move in a variety of ways. The sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion is used for flexion and extension. The shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, and interphalangeal joints all participate in these movements. Flexion is any movement that bends the head or vertebral column forward, while extension is any movement that bends the head or vertebral column backward. Motions of the limbs, hand, fingers, or toes in the coronal (medial–lateral) plane of movement are abduction and adduction. Abduction is defined as the movement of a limb or hand away from the body laterally, or the spreading of fingers or toes. Adduction is when a limb or hand is brought closer to or across the body's midline, or when the fingers or toes are brought together. Circumduction is the circular movement of a limb, hand, or fingers using a series of flexion, adduction, extension, and abduction motions in a circular pattern. The shoulder, hip, wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints are all involved in adduction/abduction and circumduction. Rotation is defined as the movement of the head from side to side or the twisting of the body. Turning the anterior surface of the limb toward the midline of the body (medial or internal rotation) or away from the midline (lateral or external rotation) is the difference between medial and lateral rotation of the upper and lower limbs at the shoulder and hip (lateral or external rotation).