User:Khueston

3D Printing and The Human Body                                                                                       1 =

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Kayli Hueston

Information Technology 103-204

February 25, 2014

IT Project Part 1- Research Paper



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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;text-justify: inter-ideograph;line-height:200%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"MSMincho";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">3D Printing and The Human Body                                                                                       2

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">The human body is an extraordinary instrument until; it gets sick or hurt and breaks down. However, with the new and upcoming technology of three-dimensional printing of the human body things could forever change. If this technology becomes reliable and affordable doctors will then be able to see brain cells, tissue, cancer cells, full organs and much more, more clearly and accurately. They will also be able to create them.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">In the article titled The next step: 3D printing the human body, William’s states that two companies have paired up to create this mastermind, Printer links from the UK and Organovo from the United States. Starting as a liquid and then forming into a hard three- dimensional structure researchers use modified cartridges and extracted cells from biopsies of patients. Once they have collected enough cells, the cells are constructed into spheroids and loaded into cartridges to create a bio link. After, the tissue is printed it takes time for the structure to grow and become three-dimensional (Williams 2014, p.1).

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            This technology is still in the research process and may take years to become fully useable. The goal of this technology is to print full organs and to build tissue to be used in whole or partial organs. They are thinking and hoping that this will be a reality in the next decade (Williams 2014, p.1).

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            Three-dimensional printing could become the next best thing. With researchers already building breast cancer tissue, liver tissue and muscle tissue, this could help save billions of people in the future. However, the dilemma at this point is it takes to long to print. The researchers from Organavo are saying it takes ten days to print this tissue, and

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">3D Printing and the Human Body                                                                                        3

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">if you are printing something larger it may take up to months. Even though it is more accurate, correct and easier to see it is not very time efficient.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            How fantastic would it be to not have to have organ donors anymore because we can build a new liver or kidney organ instead of having to wait for months or years well your organ is failing you just have to wait days. Which in this case time efficient would be better and shorter then waiting for a donor.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            According to an article in Newsmax, the first three- dimensional printer was built in 1992.With growing technology these printers have gone from printing toys to now printing the human body. The only thing you have make sure of is that the material begin printed has to start as a liquid and then become a solid as the structure grows and matures.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            Organovo is scheduled to present data in 2015 on testing tissue cells on a healthy liver and also breast cancer. This will show that we can start to lay the way for successful tissue transplants using three-dimensional tissue (Newsmax 2014).

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            With this extraordinary product has to come security issues. Three dimensional printing would have to printed well connected to a network meaning that the network would need to be secure and watched at all times. However, as we know hackers can still get in to these secure networks and then they would not only be able to breach this technology but the in the future the medical records or mini patients.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">            Another issue with three dimensional printing would be that fact that in the future if everything starts being a three dimensional print a lot of people will lose there jobs.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:Times,serif;line-height:200%;">            <span style="font-family:Times,serif;line-height:200%;">3D Printing and The Human Body <span style="font-family:Times,serif;line-height:200%;">                                                                             <span style="font-family:Times,serif;line-height:200%;">          <span style="font-family:Times,serif;line-height:200%;">4

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">Jewelers will then only need to create a design then the three-dimensional printer will mass-produce it. It will then become the same for clothes and toys and many other things.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">The biggest question I had in my head when I started my research on this topic is price. Anything three dimensional in my head is expensive. However as I read different articles and journals I have come to fine out it is not as expensive as I had thought and the idea price for a home three-dimensional printer would be 300 dollars.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">Not only are researches trying to make this advanced technology better they are getting supported with millions of dollars in grants. According to Mara Hvistendahl an engineering company in Chine got $80 million dollars from the government to do research on building tissue (Hvistendahl 2012). Organovo’s stock has more then doubled in the past twelve months (Williams 2014).

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">People have already started using three-dimensional printers in many different ways. Three-dimensional product has already reached $777 million dollars and continues to rise. The market is forecasting that three-dimensional products will be in the billions of dollars by 2025. Which is good for continued research of the human body, because the more that is bought and the faster we get at creating the product the cost will come down (Williams 2014).

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-family:"Times","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:"TimesNewRoman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi">I am very interested in how this product is going to develop and what is going to come out of it for the medical field. I will continue to follow this topic and research and hope to see it locally in the next decade.

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