User blog:Hanifa Pinto/Understanding the Basic Concept of ICT

LESSON 2: UNDERSTANDING THE BASIC CONCEPT OF ICT



This article you can learn about different parts of a computer, as well as some of the key concepts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), such as those relating to networks and security:

Understand what hardware is, know about factors that affect computer performance and know about the peripheral devices.

Understand what software is and give examples of common applications software and operating system software.

Understand what Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is and give examples of its practical applications in everyday life.

Understand health and safety and environmental issues in relation to using computers.

Recognise the important security issues associated with using computers

Recognise the important legal issues in relation to copyright and data protection associated with using computers.

Introduction 



The emergence of ICT is one of the wonderful gifts of modern science and technology which has brought tremendous changes in library and information science. Application of information and communication technology (ICT) to library and information work has revolutionized the traditional concept of libraries from a “Storehouse of books to an intellectual information center” connoting the concept of an electronic library. It has opened up a new chapter in library communication and facilitated global access to information crossing the geographical limitations.

ICT is being increasingly used in library and information services for acquisition, processing, and dissemination of information. Libraries have been using ICT based services to satisfy the diverse information needs of the users.

The use of ICT has become increasingly important in special libraries as it is switching over to ICT based resources and services at an accelerated pace. The use of computers for library operation avoids respectively jobs and saves a considerable amount of time, resources and labor. It also speeds up technical processing and information services.

Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes.

IMPORTANCE OF ICT

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has an important role in the world since we are now in the information age era. With ICT, the company can make the business easier to happen with the client, supplier and the distributor. It is also very important in our daily lives. The lack of appropriate information at the right time will result in low productivity, low quality research works, and waste of time to pursue information and even to do research which actually others had done or in other countries. Nowadays ICT cannot be separated with our daily needs.

ICT has a great impact in our daily lives. For example, we can read our local newspaper using the online newspaper. Another example is we still can get connected with our family, relatives, or colleagues even if we are abroad by using the electronic mail, yahoo messenger, call conference, or video conference.

Digital computer and networking has changed our economy concept to the economy with no boundary in time and space because of ICT. It brings a lot of advantages for economic development enabling millions of transactions to happen in an easy and fast way.

ICT is one of the economic development pillars to gain national competitive advantage. It can improve the quality of human life because it can be used as a learning and education media, the mass communication media in promoting and campaigning practical and important issues, such as the health and social area. It provides wider knowledge and can help in gaining and accessing information.

ICT has become an integral part of everyday life for many people. It increases its importance in people

The use of ICT in education add value in teaching and learning, by enhancing the effectiveness of learning, or by adding a dimension to learning that was not previously available. ICT may also be a significant motivational factor in students

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is basically our society

As a matter of fact, we are living in a constantly evolving digital world. ICT has an impact on nearly every aspect of our lives

It is in this premise that educational technology and e-learning is taught in or out of the classroom since educational technology is used by learners and educators in homes, schools, businesses, and other settings.

Educational Technology



DIGITAL LITERACY-  is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share and create contents using information technologies and the internet (Cornell University). According to American Library Association (2018), digital literacy is the ability to use information and communication, requiring both cognitive and technical skills.



Digital Learning is any type of learning that is accompanied by technology. It can come as online or off-line which utilizes digital technology.

On-line digital tools apps use an Internet connection to access the information needed. A common example is Skype. It is specializes in providing video chat and voice calls between computers, tablets, mobile devices via internet and to regular telephones.

Off-line digital tools and apps can still be used even if there is no internet access. Among these are Canary Learning, Pocket, Evertone, ibooks KA LITE (Gupta, Priyaka, 2017) downloaded in edtech review.

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Instructional technology is the theory and practice of design development, utilization, management, and evaluation of the processes and resources for learning.

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Software refers to program control instructions and accompanying documentation; stored on disks or tapes when not being used in the computer. By extension, the term refers to any audio visual materials (Smaldino, 2005)

Multimedia is a sequential or simultaneous use of variety of media formats in a given presentation or self-study program.

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Internet is massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects millions of computer can together globally, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer.

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World Wide Web (www) is also called the Web which is a graphical environment on computer networks that allows you to access, view and maintain documentations that can include text, data, sound and videos. It is a way of accessing information over the medium of the internet. It is sharing model that is built on top of the internet.

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Web access is the ability of the learner to access the Internet at any point during the lesson in order to take advantage of the array of available education resources. Webquest is an inquiry-oriented lesson format I which most or all information that learners work with comes from the web.

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Productivity tools refers to any type of software associated with computers and related technologies that can be used as tools for personal, professional or classroom productivity. Examples: Microsoft Office, Apple works – word processing, grade and record keeping, web page production, presentation).

Technology Tool is an instrument used for doing work. It can be anything that help you accomplish your goal with the use of technology. These technology tools can be classified as:

(a) 'Data/ Calculation tools. 'Examples: Spreadsheets, Excels, Sketchpads, probability constructor.

(b) '''Design tools. '''These are used to make models and designs, GollyGee, and Crazy Machines among others.

(c)  Discussion Tools. There are 4 different approaches that utilize discussion on interaction in the internet. Those are threaded discussion forum, Blogging, Live chat and Video Teleconferencing, Netiquette and Safety on the Net.

(d) Email tools. Email are great communication tools for sending messages, photographs, videos and other files.

(e) Handheld devices. Handheld devices have become popular among learners. These include Personal Digital Assistants, global positioning system, (GPS) and geographical periods.

Webquest is a teacher structured experience for the students that is primarily based on use of the World Wide Web and typically takes one or more instructional periods.

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Blog is an online journal where posted from both teachers and students arranged. There are three kinds of blogs: blog used for communication, blogs used for instructions and blogs used for both.



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Wiki, an editable website usually with limited access, allows students to collaboratively create and posy written work or digital files, such as digital photos or videos.

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Flipped classroom utilizes a reverse instructional delivery, where the teacher is required to use the web resources as homework or out of class activity as initial instruction of the lesson which will be discussed during class time.

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Podcast is a video or audio multi-media clip about a single topic typically in the format of the radio talk show. The basic function of podcast are to retrieve information and to disseminate information.



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Google Apps is a cloud-based teaching tools which is stored in the Google server and is available for students both at home and in school. It includes Gmail, a free-email for all; Google calendar – a tool used for organizational purposes; Google sites that provide options for developing blogs and wikis; and Google docs is used for sophisticated word processing and editing document.



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Vlog is a video blog where each entry is posted as a video instead of the text.

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Facebook is a popular social networking site used by students and adults worldwide to present information on themselves and to the world.



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VOIP (voice over internet protocol) is a category of hardware and software that enables prople t use the Internet as Transmission medium for telephone calls by sending voice data in packets using IP rather than traditional circuit transmission.