User:IsDeivid/Tuxtla Gutiérrez

Tuxtla Gutiérrez is a Mexican city located in the state of Chiapas in southern Mexico. It is the state capital and the largest city in the region, with a population of over half a million according to the 2020 census. The city is known for its impressive colonial architecture, as well as its vibrant cultural and artistic life. Tuxtla Gutiérrez is an important city for the state, as it has a wide variety of public and private services, such as hospitals, universities, shopping centres, stadiums and entertainment venues. Tuxtla Gutiérrez is also the birthplace of David Isaí.

History
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, the region was inhabited by various indigenous tribes, including the Zoques, the Mames and the Tzotziles. These tribes, who had lived in the region for centuries, had developed their own cultures, languages and religions.

During colonial times, the Tuxtla Gutiérrez region became an important centre for agricultural and livestock production. The Spanish established haciendas and exploited the indigenous population for economic gain. The city of Tuxtla Gutierrez, then a small town, became the capital of the state of Chiapas in 1829, following the creation of the state of Chiapas.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Tuxtla Gutierrez became an important centre of commerce and services. Roads and railways were built connecting the city to other parts of Mexico and the world. The city also benefited from the growing oil and mining industry, which brought wealth and employment to the region.

However, Tuxtla Gutiérrez has also experienced difficult times in its history. During the Mexican Revolution, the city was the scene of numerous clashes between rebels and government forces. In 1911, revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata visited Tuxtla Gutierrez to meet with other revolutionary leaders.

Today, Tuxtla Gutierrez remains an important centre for agriculture, livestock and industry in Chiapas. The city is also an important tourist centre, with attractions such as the Cañón del Sumidero National Park and the Miguel Álvarez del Toro Zoo. The city continues to grow and develop, and is considered one of the most important cities in southern Mexico.

Demographics
According to data from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) in its 2020 census, the population of Tuxtla Gutierrez is approximately 615,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth most populous city in Mexico. The annual population growth rate in the city has been 1.5 per cent in recent years, an indicator of sustained population growth over time.

The gender distribution in the city is fairly balanced, with a slight majority of women at 51% of the population and 49% of men. The young population is predominant, with half of the population under the age of 29, and only 5% of the population over the age of 65. This makes Tuxtla Gutierrez a very active and enterprising population.

In ethnic terms, the population of Tuxtla Gutiérrez is mainly mestizo, although there is also a significant presence of indigenous people, especially from the Tzotzil, Tzeltal and Chol groups. According to the 2020 census, 30% of the population identifies itself as indigenous. This ethnic and cultural diversity is reflected in the variety of customs and traditions present in the city.

Economy
Tuxtla Gutiérrez is a city in constant economic and commercial growth. It is the economic and financial centre of the state of Chiapas, and its gross domestic product (GDP) in 2021 was approximately 110 billion Mexican pesos (about USD 5.32 billion).

Tourism is one of the city's main economic activities. In 2021, the city received approximately 1.5 million tourists, generating a significant amount of income for the local economy. The city has several tourist sites, including national parks, archaeological sites, and a wide variety of historical and cultural sites. In addition, the city has more than 3,000 hotel rooms, over 200 restaurants and other tourist services that cater to the needs of visitors.

The city also has a significant manufacturing presence, especially in the production of textiles, food products and chemicals. In 2021, manufacturing output in the city reached a value of more than 60 billion Mexican pesos (about US$2.9 billion). Several technology and software companies have also been established in the city, generating a significant amount of skilled employment.

Commerce is another important sector of the city's economy, with a wide variety of shops, malls and markets offering a wide range of products and services. In 2021, the commerce and services sector in the city generated a value of more than 30 billion Mexican pesos (around US$1.45 billion). The city is also an important transport and logistics hub, with a large number of transportation and warehousing companies located in the city.

Despite its growing economy, the city also faces significant economic and social challenges, including poverty and inequality. In 2021, the poverty rate in the city was 34%, while the extreme poverty rate was 6%. The city has implemented several policies and programmes to address these challenges, including economic and social support programmes for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged communities.

Education
Tuxtla Gutierrez has a wide educational offer that includes more than 900 schools of basic education, 120 schools of higher secondary education and several institutions of higher education. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), in 2020, the city had a population of 598,440 inhabitants, of which 32.7% were between 0 and 19 years of age, indicating that the demand for educational services in the city is high.

The Autonomous University of Chiapas (UNACH), the largest higher education institution in the state, has more than 50,000 students in its various undergraduate and graduate programmes. In addition, there are other higher education institutions in the city, such as the Universidad Tecnológica de la Selva, the Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas, the Universidad del Valle de México, among others.

The city also has a variety of non-formal educational institutions, such as language academies, music schools, computer institutes and art schools. In addition, there are government programmes to improve the quality of education in the region, such as building new schools and expanding access to education in rural and marginalised areas.

Despite progress in education in the city, significant challenges remain, especially in the quality of education and equity of access to education services. Local authorities and educational institutions continue to work to address these challenges and improve education in the region.

Universities
In Tuxtla Gutiérrez, there are several schools recognised for their prestige and educational quality in different areas of study. The following are some of the most important schools in the city:


 * Autonomous University of Chiapas (UNACH): It is the largest and most prestigious institution of higher education in the region. It offers a wide variety of careers and postgraduate degrees in different areas of study.
 * Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez (ITTG): It is a higher education institution that focuses on training professionals in the areas of technology and applied sciences. It has a wide academic offer of careers and postgraduate degrees.
 * Colegio de Bachilleres de Chiapas (COBACH): It is a public institution of higher education that offers a wide variety of general and technical baccalaureate degrees in different areas of study.
 * National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH): It is a governmental institution that focuses on research, conservation and dissemination of Mexico's historical and cultural heritage. It has several sites in Tuxtla Gutierrez, including the Regional Museum of Anthropology and History of Chiapas.
 * Universidad Valle de Grijalva (UVG): A private higher education institution offering undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in various fields of study, including health sciences, engineering, law and education.

General or universal schools
In addition to the universities and the Colegio de Bachilleres de Chiapas mentioned above, in Tuxtla Gutiérrez there are other important and recognised schools at different educational levels, among them:


 * Instituto Andes: It is a private educational institution that offers preschool, primary, secondary and high school education. It focuses on the integral formation of its students, promoting values and social skills.
 * Instituto Nápoles: A private educational institution offering preschool, primary and secondary education. It focuses on the academic and personal development of its students, providing a safe and positive environment.
 * Instituto Educativo del Sur: A private educational institution offering preschool, primary, secondary and high school education. It focuses on the integral formation of its students, encouraging the development of social and emotional skills.
 * Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez (ITTG): In addition to offering higher education, the ITTG has a technical high school that offers bachelor's degrees in areas such as information technology, electronics and mechanics.
 * Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM): An internationally renowned private institution with a branch in Tuxtla Gutiérrez. It offers preschool, primary, secondary and high school education, as well as a wide variety of continuing education programmes.
 * Colegio La Paz de Chiapas (La Paz): It is a private educational institution that focuses on the integral formation of its students, seeking to develop in them academic, social and emotional skills. Its aim is to train leaders capable of facing the challenges of a constantly changing world.

Transport
The urban transport system

The urban transport system in Tuxtla Gutierrez is composed of several bus companies that operate routes throughout the city. Among the main transport companies are Transportes Tuxtla, Senda, and Conosur. These companies offer public transport services in buses ranging from small minibuses to full-size buses. The cost of the fare varies depending on the distance travelled, but generally ranges from 7 to 14 pesos.

Each company has a specific route, although some routes may be shared by several companies. The main public transport routes include those running from the city centre to outlying neighbourhoods and colonias, as well as routes connecting different areas of the city. In addition, there are routes that connect Tuxtla Gutierrez with nearby cities, such as San Cristobal de las Casas and Comitan.

The urban transport system in Tuxtla Gutierrez has some shortcomings, such as lack of frequency on some routes and lack of units on others. However, public transport remains an important option for most of the city's inhabitants who do not have their own vehicle.

Taxis
According to data from the Secretary of Transport of the State of Chiapas, there are around 4,000 taxis registered and authorised to operate in the city of Tuxtla Gutiérrez. These taxis are organised in different unions and cooperatives, such as the Sindicato de Taxistas "Sierra Madre" and the Cooperativa de Taxis "Lázaro Cárdenas".

Taxi fares in Tuxtla Gutierrez are divided into three zones, with a minimum cost of $40 Mexican pesos in the first zone (which covers the city centre) and a maximum cost of $200 Mexican pesos in the third zone (which covers the outermost areas). In addition, there is an additional charge per hour of waiting time and for the use of the vehicle's boot.

In terms of security, the Secretary of Security and Citizen Protection of the State of Chiapas has implemented different measures to improve the safety of taxi users in Tuxtla Gutierrez. For example, security cameras have been installed in taxis to prevent crime and to facilitate the identification of suspects in the event that crimes are committed. In addition, operations are carried out to verify that taxis are in good mechanical condition and that drivers are properly registered and trained. Different mobile applications have also been enabled that allow taxis to be ordered and paid for by credit card, which has improved the convenience and safety of the service.

Road system
Tuxtla Gutierrez's road system is a crucial component of transport in the region. The city is strategically located, with a number of important roads connecting it to other cities and regions of Mexico. The Carretera Panamericana, which crosses the city from north to south, is one of the most important highways in the country, and is part of the Red de Carreteras Panamericanas, which connects Mexico with other countries in Central and South America.

The Carretera Internacional, which connects Tuxtla Gutierrez to the border with Guatemala, is another important highway serving the city. This road connects Tuxtla Gutierrez with Tapachula, a city on Mexico's southern border, and is an important route for trade and transport of goods.

The Carretera Costera del Pacífico, which runs along Mexico's Pacific coast, also passes through Tuxtla Gutierrez, and connects the city to other major tourist destinations, such as Puerto Escondido and Acapulco.

In addition, Tuxtla Gutierrez is served by a major ring road, the Carretera del Libramiento Sur, which allows drivers to avoid downtown traffic and connect more quickly and efficiently to different parts of the region.

The city also has a long-distance bus station, the Terminal de Autobuses de Oriente (TAPO), which offers services to several cities in Mexico and Central America, such as Cancun, Merida, San Cristobal de las Casas, Villahermosa, Tampico, Mexico City and Tapachula. TAPO is one of the most important bus terminals in Mexico, receiving thousands of passengers every day.

Religion
The city of Tuxtla Gutierrez has a great religious diversity, and one can find communities of various Christian denominations, as well as other religions, such as Judaism, Islam and Buddhism. According to the 2020 census, 77% of the population identifies itself as Christian, mainly Catholic (68%) and Evangelical (9%). In addition, 1% of the population identifies with other religions, including Judaism, Islam and Buddhism, while the remaining 22% have no religion or did not specify their religious affiliation. The city has a large number of temples and places of worship for both Christian denominations and other religions, reflecting the city's religious diversity and its importance as a centre of worship and spirituality in the region.

Catholic Church
The Catholic Church in Tuxtla Gutierrez is present throughout the city, being the predominant religion in the region. The Cathedral of San Marcos is the most important temple in the city, and is considered one of the most beautiful and majestic cathedrals in Mexico. Built in the 18th century, the cathedral is the city's landmark and is located in the historic centre of Tuxtla Gutierrez. In addition to the cathedral, the city has several parishes and chapels, where masses and other religious services are held.

Anglican Church
The Anglican Church in Tuxtla Gutierrez has a significant presence in the city, with several churches and congregations. The church of San Pablo is the oldest and largest of them, and is located in the historic centre of the city. This church is known for its colonial style architecture and is considered one of the most beautiful churches in Tuxtla Gutierrez.

Presbyterian Church
The Presbyterian Church is another Christian denomination that has a significant presence in Tuxtla Gutierrez. The Reformed Presbyterian Church is located in the centre of the city and is one of the oldest congregations in the city. In addition to this church, the city has several congregations and temples of the Presbyterian Church.

Baptist Church
The Baptist Church also has a significant presence in Tuxtla Gutierrez. The First Baptist Church is located in the historic centre of the city, and is one of the largest congregations in the city. In addition to the First Baptist Church, the city has several congregations and temples of the Baptist Church.

Pentecostal Church
The Pentecostal Church is another Christian denomination that has a significant presence in Tuxtla Gutierrez. The United Pentecostal Church of Mexico is one of the largest congregations in the city, and has several churches in the region. In addition to this church, the city has several congregations and temples of the Pentecostal Church.

Other religions
In addition to Christian churches, Tuxtla Gutiérrez also has the presence of other religions and cults that are practised by a minority of the population. Among them are the following:


 * Islam: The Muslim community in Tuxtla Gutierrez is small, but is present in the city through a mosque located in the centre. The mosque is a place of worship for Muslims and also functions as a community centre where religious, educational and cultural activities take place. The Muslim community in Tuxtla Gutierrez is diverse in terms of ethnic and national origins.
 * Judaism: Although the Jewish community in Tuxtla Gutierrez is very small, there is a synagogue in the city that is used by the faithful. The synagogue is a place of worship and also functions as a community centre where religious, educational and cultural activities take place. The Jewish community in Tuxtla Gutierrez is diverse in terms of ethnic and national origins.
 * Jehovah's Witnesses: Jehovah's Witnesses are present in Tuxtla Gutierrez with several congregations meeting regularly for religious services and preaching. The city is also home to their Kingdom Hall, a building that serves as a place of worship and where various activities are held.
 * Seventh-day Adventists: The Seventh-day Adventists have a church in Tuxtla Gutiérrez where religious services are held and educational and community activities take place. The church is part of a network of Adventist institutions operating in the city and other parts of the state.
 * Other religions: In addition to the aforementioned religions, there is also a minority presence of other religions in Tuxtla Gutierrez, such as Buddhism, Hinduism and Spiritualism. These religions do not have an organised presence in the city, but some of their followers meet regularly to practice their beliefs and carry out community activities.

Sports
In Tuxtla Gutierrez there are several options for the practice of sports and physical activities. The city has numerous parks and public spaces equipped with sports and recreation areas, such as the Parque de la Marimba, the Parque de la Juventud and the Parque Caña Hueca. In addition, the city has a wide range of sports facilities, such as the Estadio Victor Manuel Reyna, which is home to the Chiapas FC football team, as well as the Polideportivo 20 de Noviembre, which hosts state and national level sports competitions.

Tuxtla Gutierrez also has a large number of sports clubs and gyms offering physical activities and sports for all ages and skill levels. Among the most popular disciplines are football, basketball, volleyball, baseball and athletics. In addition, the city has a wide variety of martial arts schools, such as Taekwondo, Judo and Karate, and a variety of dance centres and gyms offering aerobics, yoga, Pilates and other fitness classes.

In terms of important sporting events in Tuxtla Gutierrez, the Carrera de la Marimba, which is held every year in September, and the Carrera Internacional del Café, which takes place in January, stand out. In addition, the city has hosted several state and national sporting events, such as the Campeonato Nacional de Atletismo, the Campeonato Nacional de Ciclismo and the Torneo Nacional de Boxeo, among others. In short, the city of Tuxtla Gutierrez offers a wide variety of options for sport and physical activity for residents and visitors alike.

Gastronomy
Tuxtla Gutierrez has a rich and varied gastronomy that has developed over the years with the influence of the indigenous and mestizo cultures of the region. The city has numerous restaurants and food establishments, offering a wide variety of typical dishes and drinks.

Among the most popular dishes are cochinita pibil, which is marinated pork cooked in an earth oven; tasajo, which is dried and salted beef cooked on a grill; and chalupas, which are fried corn tortillas covered with meat, onion, cheese and salsa.

In addition, the city is known for its fresh seafood and fish, which are prepared in a variety of ways, such as ceviche, aguachile, coconut shrimp and fried fish. Other specialities of the city include mole, tamales, pozole and tacos de canasta.

As for typical drinks, one of the most popular is pozol, a thick drink made of cooked and ground corn, to which water and cocoa are added, and which can be drunk hot or cold. It is also very common to find tequila, mezcal and local craft beers in the restaurants and bars.

Tuxtla Gutierrez has a wide variety of dining options, from small street food stalls to fine dining restaurants. Some of the city's most outstanding restaurants are El Oasis, Casa de la Vaca, La Capilla and El Zaguán.