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Virginia Henderson was revered as a modern-day Florence Nightingale for her contributions to the nursing profession. She promoted nursing practice as honorable, humane, comprehensive, and research-based. She categorized nursing care into components derived from 14 basic human needs in what is now known in nursing as Henderson's Need Theory (Masters, 2018).

The Seven Nursing Roles are: the stranger role, in which the nurse receives the patient the way a stranger is met in other situations, and provides an atmosphere to build trust; the resource role, in which the nurse answers questions, interprets data, and gives information; the teaching role, in which the nurse gives instructions and provides training; the counseling role, in which the nurse helps the patient understand the meaning of current circumstances, as well as provides guidance and encouragement in order for change to occur; the surrogate role, in which the nurse acts as an advocate on behalf of the patient; the active leadership role, in which the nurse helps the patient take responsibility for meeting treatment goals; and the technical expert role, in which the nurse provides physical care for the patient and operates equipment.